Finance

If you become a director in an Indian company, the government gives you a unique number called a Director Identification Number (DIN). But getting this number is not the end of the process. Directors must also confirm their identity details with the government from time to time. This is done through DIR-3 KYC filing on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal. The … [Read more...] about DIR-3 KYC for Directors in India (Updated 2026): Simple Guide to Filing, New Due Dates, and Penalties

When a company is formed in India, two important documents shape how it works — the Memorandum of Association (MOA) and the Articles of Association (AOA). If the MOA explains what a company is allowed to do, the AOA explains how the company will actually run on a daily basis. Many beginners get confused between these two documents. But once you understand the role of AOA, … [Read more...] about Articles of Association (AOA) in India – Section 5 Explained for Beginners

Imagine you and a few friends decide to start a company. You prepare documents, choose a company name, and finally receive the Certificate of Incorporation from the government. At that exact moment, something important happens legally. The company becomes a separate legal entity — almost like a new person created in the eyes of the law. This idea is explained in Section 9 of … [Read more...] about Effect of Company Registration in India Explained: Section 9 of Companies Act, 2013

If you look at any company in India — whether it is a small private company or a large listed company — you will always find something called a Board of Directors. Many beginners hear this term but are not fully sure what it actually means. Is the board running the company? Are they just supervising? Or are they owners? In simple terms, the Board of Directors is the group … [Read more...] about Board of Directors in India Explained: Role, Powers and Responsibilities

When people begin learning about company governance in India, one interesting question often comes up. Can a person be a director in many companies at the same time? In practice, this happens quite often. Experienced professionals, entrepreneurs, and investors may serve as directors in multiple companies. However, Indian company law places a limit on how many companies a … [Read more...] about Director Limit in India: Maximum Directorships Allowed Under Companies Act

In many companies, business relationships often exist between people who already have some connection with the company. For example, a company may purchase goods from a firm owned by one of its directors. Or it may lease property from a business owned by a promoter’s family member. These kinds of dealings are called Related Party Transactions. Such transactions are not … [Read more...] about Related Party Transactions Explained (Companies Act Guide for Beginners in India)